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Statistics
Overview
Statistics is a branch of mathematics dealing with data collection, its organization, analysis, interpretation and presentation in order to make informed decisions based on the findings. It provides us with a way to organise large amounts of numerical data and then analyse it to find patterns or trends. Statisticians deal with large amounts of data in both public and private sectors to meet the requirements of different organisations. They use a variety of statistical methods to collect and analyze this data, which is then used to devise plans to solve real-world problems. As a field, statistics finds application in various industries. For example – in software companies, they coordinate and develop new software products designed to collect and analyze data. Statisticians working in the financial industry evaluate risks and investment returns. Statistics helps us to notice patterns, make predictions and comparisons, improve public policy, widen our theoretical base and ultimately diminish uncertainty in any given field of application. Hence, it provides several and exciting employment opportunities for individuals who want to explore a career path in this field.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Government & Public Policy: Statisticians employed by government agencies maintain, organise and analyse demographic and statistical data for improving public policy, addressing grievances, find solutions to practical problems, streamline government run programs etc.
- Applied Statistician: Applied statistics is the application of findings from statistical data to solve real life problems in any given field.
- Vital Statistics: Vital statistics deals with data collected for live births, deaths, marriages, divorces etc.
- Research: The research work usually revolves around designing the right kinds of experiments and methodology for analysing data to improve existing products or develop new ones.
- Sports: Statisticians are employed by various sporting organisations or sports teams to improve players performances, make decisions regarding retaining or acquiring players for a team based on the inferences drawn from data collected from their performances.
- Education: Statisticians can take up teaching as a lucrative career option. They also help students design and conduct experiments or research, followed by assisting them in analysing data emerging from their research.
- Healthcare: Biostatisticians/biometricians are employed in hospitals, pharmaceutical companies or public health agencies to conduct tests in order to determine the effects of existing or new drugs and their vitality.
- Advertising: Advertising agencies require statisticians in determine target population for any given product by studying the consumers behaviours related to expenditure and use of products. By conducting and analysing data from surveys they evaluate people’s preferences and attitude towards a product or a service.
- Banking & Insurance: They use different statistical methods to study data based on previous investments to assess the success rates of policies and programs in action.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Discuss with clients their requirements and devise a plan to carry out statistical research accordingly.
- Design research methodology and experiments to collect raw data.
- Use appropriate statistical tools to collect, organise and analyse data.
- Run tests covering different parameters to derive results and make inferences based on the same.
- Prepare reports, presenting statistical findings.
- Provide guidance to clients based on the results obtained after statistical analysis.
- Coordinate with other members of the team or project, in order to meet the requirements of the clients.
- Ensure that legal and ethical standards are met while conducting research as well as implementing the decisions based on the results of statistical analysis.
Desired Attributes
Given below are desired qualities for professionals in this field :
- Logical and critical approach to work.
- Excellent analytical and deduction skills.
- Strong theoretical foundation and knowledge of different statistical tools.
- Attention to detail is a must.
- Good problem solving skills.
- Good time management skills and ability to meet deadlines.
- Ability to communicate well with others on a team.
- Adequate writing skills to be able to present ones findings in an appropriate fashion.
- Need to stay up to date with the latest theoretical developments and tools used in the field.
How to get there
Path 1:
- Clear 12th standard in any stream (Maths) with minimum 55% aggregate
- B.A./B.Sc. in Statistics/ B. Stats. /Applied Statistics for 3-4 years
- M. A./ M.Sc. in Statistics /M. Stats. – 2 years
- Ph.D. for 3-5 years
Path 2:
- Clear 12th standard in any stream (Maths) with minimum 55% aggregate
- Integrated Program in M.Sc. Statistics – 5 years
- Ph.D. for 3-5 years
Sports
Overview
Not long age, engaging in sports was seen as a hobby in India rather than a legitimate career option. Recently, however, with the success of Indian athletes in sports such as cricket, badminton, tennis, boxing, shooting and so on, it has become an increasingly popular career choice. Being a professional sportsperson entails competing with other sportpersons at a national or international level and making a living out of it. It demands a high level of physical training and skill set. The ultimate aim in this field is to represent one’s country at an international sports event such as the olympics. It requires tremendous amounts of training to refine one’s natural talent to be able to compete with others at the highest level. Playing a sport engages you in physical activity that keeps your mind and body fit and healthy. Furthermore, playing a sport instils a spirit of sportsmanship and builds one’s self esteem and confidence. It helps people to transcend boundaries and fosters a feeling of unity between different communities and cultures. Sportspeople and athletes are some of the most revered and respected people in their respective countries.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Professional Athlete: A professional athlete competes individually or as part of a team in a organized sport such as football, basketball, soccer, tennis, golf, running, skiing, hockey etc. He/she practices and trains regularly to improve his or her skills in order to perform well in a competitive setting.
- Coach: Behind every successful athlete, there is a coach/mentor who has worked tirelessly to help an athlete reach their optimum level of performance. Athletic trainers and coaches train professional and non-professional athletes or teams. They instruct and train athletes in outdoor and indoor sports.
- Umpire & Referee: Umpires and referees ensure that sports are played in the right spirit and rules of any particular sport are followed by all parties involved. They hold the power to impose penalties or take crucial decisions which have an impact on the overall result of any game.
- Sports Journalism: Sports journalism includes many different careers in online media, print and broadcast journalism covering news related to different aspects of sports.
- Sports Marketing: The field of sports marketing encompasses a wide range of positions in settings such as sports agencies, public relations departments and sports equipment manufacturing organizations.
- Sports Medicine: Sports medicine is a speciality that centres on healing injuries or traumas caused during playing or training for a sport. The field includes medical doctors (MD) and osteopathic physicians who have completed sports medicine fellowships.
- Sports Psychology: Sports Psychology is a speciality that aims to apply the theories and therapies in psychology to a sports setting. Practitioners in this field focus on improving the mental health and enhance the coping capabilities of athletes.
- General Manager: A general manager handles all business matters for sportsperson in a team or otherwise. They look after the contracts, advertising deals, travel, finances etc for their clients.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- As a sportsperson one has to train on a regular basis to maintain physical and mental health in order to keep improving one’s skill set.
- Knowing all the rules throughly is of prime importance.
- Use the latest technology to enhance one’s performance.
- Take part in different kinds of sporting events to be able to perform at the highest level.
- Inspire and motivate members of a team or an athlete so that they can give their best.
- Ensure that games are played in the right spirit and are conducted in a fair manner.
- Keep the society up to date with the latest developments in the sports world(journalists).
- Work closely with athletes as managers, training staff, medical staff etc.
Desired Attributes
Given below are desired qualities for professionals in this field :
- Passionate, hardworking and dedicated towards the sport.
- A insatiable drive and motivation to succeed.
- Be physically and mentally fit.
- Persistent and resilient in one’s approach.
- Ability to train for long hours and not give up when the going gets tough.
- Have a balanced temperament to be able to handle victory as well as a loss in a dignified manner.
- Ability to bounce back from injuries or poor performances.
- Good interpersonal skills to work well within a team set up.
- Ability to read a game well in order to make the desired changes in one’s technique or approach to a game.
How to get there
For an individual with an aptitude for a particular sport, the best way to pursue it is to compete in as many district and state level competitions/tournaments as possible. There are several academies and organisations that one can enroll in, to get the right kind of coaching or training, necessary for specific sports. In order to compete at a national level, sportspersons usually attend camps, where trials take place. The people who make it through these trials are selected to represent the country in sporting competitions that occur around the world.
Industrial Training Institute Courses (ITI)
Overview
Industrial Training Institutes and Centres constituted under Directorate General of Employment & Training (DGET) offer apprenticeship programs and vocational training courses to students from class 8th – 12th. Students can take admission based on their merit or the entrance exams conducted by institutes. The main aim of ITIs is to make students industry-ready. They learn industry specific skills in order to increase their chances of acquiring a job with basic level of education. Technical as well as non-technical courses are made available to meet the growing demands of industries in various sectors. To tackle the problem of increasing unemployment, this initiative goes a long way in making the youth of the country part of the workforce leading to a boom in the economy of the country. Individuals can opt to study further after completing a particular course.
They can choose from:
- Diploma Courses: Students who have completed technical courses in engineering domains can enroll for several engineering diploma courses. These courses cover the details of the respective subject covering both theoretical as well as practical aspects of the domain.
- Specialised Short Term Courses: Advanced Training Institutes (ATI) offer specialized short-term courses that help students hone their skills further, specific to the job profiles or industry requirements in their respective domains.
- All India Trade Test: The All India Trade Test conducted by the NCVT (National Council for Vocational Training) provides certification – National Trade Certificate (NTC) to ITI students. It tests individuals based on the specific skill set that they have acquired. In many engineering trades, an NTC is equivalent to a diploma degree.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Public Sector: Railways, telecom / BSNL, ONGC, PWDs and others offer employment opportunities to ITI students. In addition to this, students can also explore career opportunities in the Indian Armed Forces.
- Private Sector: Various sectors such as construction, agriculture, textile, energy etc employ both technical as well as non-technical task force to carry out specific jobs based on one’s skill set.
- Entrepreneurship: Vocational training allows students to acquire skills which enable them to work towards setting up their own business ventures.
- International Market: Offshore job markets are open for students with ITI degrees.
Fire Department Personal
Overview
Professionals working in a fire department work towards the sole aim of preventing and managing loss of life and property in case of a fire emergency. They manage different aspects during a fire emergency. Firefighters are the first to respond during such a crisis. It is a daring and challenging job which very little room for error. They train very hard to refine their skills and eliminate the possibility of committing errors during an emergency. A set protocol is followed and personnels carry out regular training exercises to handle any kind of emergency. Educating the public about the laid out fire norms to ensure fire safety is an integral part of their job. Carrying out safety drills ensures preventive measures been taken. The engineers in the department make sure that all the equipment is functional and ready to be used in case of an emergency. A hierarchy is followed within the department so that each and every individual knows exactly what to do and how to respond during an emergency. Since people’s lives are at stake, it is a high pressure job which is deeply satisfying at the same time.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Fire Fighter: A firefighter is a highly skilled individual who deals with putting out accidental fires in different settings.
- Fire Protection Engineer: Fire protection engineering is the application of science and engineering principles to protect people and their environment from the destructive fire. Fire protection engineers analyse fire hazards, mitigate fire damage by proper design, construction, arrangement and use of buildings, materials, structures, industrial processes and transportation systems. They also design, install and maintain fire detection and communication systems.
- Fire Marshal: A fire marshal oversees all activities relating to fire safety and training such as fire fighting training, fire and arson investigation, fire incident data analysis, fire safety code enforcement etc.
- Fire Warden: A Fire Warden’s role is to make sure that a building is cleared and no one remains inside during a fire related emergency. They also ensure that no one enters the building in which the evacuation has occurred until it is declared safe.
- Fire Safety Officer: They are responsible for maintaining and ensuring that fire safety norms are in place and observed in any given organisation.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Drive fire trucks and other vehicles while responding to an emergency call.
- Assess an emergency situation to come up with an appropriate plan of action.
- Put out fires using water hoses, fire extinguishers, water hydrants and other equipment.
- Rescue people during emergency situations.
- Ensure injured people receive medical attention as soon as possible.
- Prepare detailed written reports on a given fire incident.
- Promote fire safety through talks, presentations, conferences etc.
- Demonstrate the use of fire fighting equipment.
- Conduct fire safety drills at schools, offices, hospitals and other settings.
How to get there
Path 1:
- Clear 12th standard with science stream (PCM)
- Merit list based on entrance exam ranking
- BE in Fire Engineering is BSc with Chemistry and either Physics / Maths or both.
- Duration – 3 ½ years
or
- Clear Entrance test
- Diploma in Fire engineering
- Duration – 3 months to 2 years
Path 2:
- Clear 10th standard with 45-50% aggregate
- ITI in Fireman Course/ in Safety and Security course/ in Fire Technology and Safety Management
Path 3:
- Clear 12th standard with 45-50% aggregate (Science stream)
- BSc. in Fire Safety and Hazard Management/ Fire and Industrial Safety
- Entrance exam – JNU CEEB, AUCET, JEST, CUCET
Path 4:
- Clear 12th standard with 45-50% aggregate
- B.Tech Fire and Safety Engineering
- Entrance exam – JEST, JNU CEEB, AUCET, CUCET
Path 5:
- Clear 12th standard with 45-50% aggregate
- Diploma in Diploma in Fire and Safety Technology/ Diploma in Fire and Safety Management/ Diploma in Fire and Safety Engineering/ Diploma in Industrial Safety
Cabin Crew
Overview
Members of the cabin crew are responsible for ensuring that passengers onboard an aircraft have a safe and a comfortable journey. They are mostly employed by commercial or private airlines. Cabin crew members need to undergo training and clear practical as well as written assessments before starting work with an airline. They work within a team setup and follow strict protocol. Apart from performing regular duties, they are trained to handle emergencies which may arise during a flight such as managing passengers during turbulence or medical emergencies. A certain hierarchy is followed within the crew which ensures proper execution of duties onboard the aircraft. A cohesive cabin crew is an essential component which ensures smooth operations of an airline.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Flight Attendant: They take care of passengers; tending to their needs, comfort and safety during a flight.
- Senior Flight Attendant: A senior flight attendant controls and supervises all cabin crew members and oversees the tasks carried out onboard a flight.
- Flight Attendant Supervisor: Flight attendant supervisors are employed to monitor, coordinate and evaluate performance of flight attendants. They schedule duties of flight attendants for particular flights depending on the number of passengers on board.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Attend pre-flight briefings to obtain details regarding the flight.
- Welcoming passengers on board and directing them to their seats.
- Assisting passengers in placing luggage in overhead cabins.
- Ensuring all passengers are seated and seat belts secured before take off.
- Demonstrating and informing passengers about the safety rules to be followed onboard.
- Serving meals and refreshments to the passengers during the flight.
- Making the necessary announcements to convey information to the passengers.
- Providing aid in case of medical emergency.
- Making sure that protocols are followed in dealing with any issues onboard.
- Helping passengers to exit the aircraft in an orderly fashion.
- Submitting necessary paperwork such as flight report after the flight lands.
Desired Attributes
Given below are desired qualities for professionals in this field :
- Friendly, calm and confident demeanor.
- Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
- Willingness to travel to different parts of the country or world.
- Ability to work at odd hours of the day.
- Good time management skills.
- Quick to adapt and problem solve effectively.
- Able to handle stress effectively.
- Organised and meticulous at work.
- Work well within a team setup.
How to get there
Path 1:
- Clear 12th standard in any stream (Maths) with minimum 55% aggregate
- B.A./B.Sc. in Statistics/ B. Stats. /Applied Statistics for 3-4 years
- M. A./ M.Sc. in Statistics /M. Stats. – 2 years
- Ph.D. for 3-5 years
Path 2:
- Clear 12th standard in any stream (Maths) with minimum 55% aggregate
- Integrated Program in M.Sc. Statistics – 5 years
- Ph.D. for 3-5 years